• Climate model projections of 21st century is likely to rise 0.3°C to 1.7°C (0.5°F to 3.1°F)

The scientific and environmental community is on the same page regarding the bitter reality of global warming and the involvement of human factors in climate change.

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) for the Asia region notes that sensitivity to climate change threats, in agriculture dependent economies (such as Pakistan), arises from their distinct geography, demographic trends, socioeconomic factors, and lack of adaptive capacity.

The climate change projections of the AR5 for South Asia as a whole show that warming is likely to be above the global mean and climate change will impact the glaciers’ melting rate and precipitation patterns, particularly affecting the timing and strength of monsoon rainfall.

Consequently, this will significantly impact the productivity and efficiency of water-dependent sectors such as agriculture and energy. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, including water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide, act to make the surface much warmer than this because they absorb and emit heat energy in all directions , keeping Earth’s surface and lower atmosphere warm.

According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5), global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have accelerated to an unprecedented level despite global efforts to cut down emissions..

Climate model projections indicate that during the 21st century, the global surface temperature is likely to rise 0.3°C to 1.7°C (0.5°F to 3.1°F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation, and 2.6°C to 4.8°C (4.7°F to 8.6°F) for business as usual carbon intense emissions.

To embark upon these problems, some remedial steps must be timely taken which include but are not limited to the use of renewable sources of energy and stopping deforestation. Innovative solutions must be brought forward to end this hazard once and forever.