Today marks the 59th anniversary of UNESCO’s International Literacy Day—a powerful reminder of the ongoing global challenge to achieve literacy for all. Over 750 million adults still struggle with reading and writing, underscoring that literacy remains a fundamental human right and a cornerstone of sustainable development, peace, and dignity.

Literacy as a Pillar of Human Rights:

Since its inception in 1966, ILD has spotlighted literacy not just as a skill but as a vital human right essential for participation in civic, economic, and social life. UNESCO emphasizes that literacy unlocks access to education, health, employment, and justice, serving as a pathway to equality and empowerment. Yet, despite decades of progress, disparities continue, especially among women, marginalized communities, and those in conflict-affected regions.

The Digital Shift: New Challenges and Opportunities:

As we forge further into the digital age, literacy now encompasses digital skills—navigating online platforms, understanding digital content, and using technology responsibly. In 2025, bridging the digital divide is crucial, as exclusion from digital literacy amplifies existing inequalities, particularly in rural areas and among vulnerable populations.

Countries like Kenya and Pakistan are leading the way by integrating digital tools into literacy programs—creating community digital hubs, expanding internet access, and training educators in digital pedagogy. These initiatives are vital steps towards inclusive, technology-enabled literacy for all.

Pakistan’s Path Toward Inclusive Literacy:

Pakistan faces unique hurdles: over 60 million adults remain illiterate, and gender gaps persist. Recognizing this, the government has launched comprehensive programs such as the Digital Pakistan Initiative, which aims to enhance connectivity, provide affordable devices, and equip teachers with digital skills. Projects like Learning Innovation for All foster community-led digital centers in remote areas, empowering marginalized groups and embracing linguistic diversity through multilingual curricula.

Pakistan’s efforts exemplify a commitment to ensuring that digital literacy and cultural inclusivity go hand in hand—paving the way for a more equitable society.

Multilingual Education: Celebrating Diversity:

This year’s theme also champions multilingual education, acknowledging the strength found in linguistic diversity. Teaching in learners’ native languages improves comprehension, reduces dropout rates, and affirms cultural identities. From indigenous communities in Latin America to tribal regions in South Asia, multilingual programs are fostering inclusion, peace, and mutual understanding—building bridges across divides.

A Global Call to Action:

While global literacy rates have improved, challenges persist. Budget cuts, conflicts, and rapid technological shifts threaten to stall progress. UNESCO urges renewed investment, international cooperation, and innovative solutions to meet these challenges head-on.

The themes of 2025—“Promoting Literacy in the Digital Era” and “Embracing Multilingual Education for Peace”—highlight the dual opportunity and responsibility to harness technology and cultural diversity as catalysts for change.

A Future of Equal Opportunity:

“Literacy is the key to empowerment,” UNESCO states. In this digital, multilingual world, it is essential for creating equitable societies, fostering peace, and respecting human rights.