Russia’s monetary outlook has worsened as a critical bank survey on Thursday confirmed a deeper contraction than previously anticipated and inflation soaring to 22 percent this year.

While President Vladimir Putin insists the economy has managed to climate the barrage of unprecedented sanctions imposed in view that he sent troops to Ukraine on February 24, economists accept as true that the worst effect of the sanctions remains to come.

facing parliament on Thursday, he said that central bank governor Elvira Nabiullina warned of “difficulties” and the “structural transformation” of the Russian economy due to debilitating sanctions.

“Difficulties are appearing across all sectors, in both big and small companies,” she said.

Nabiullina said the transformation of the economy, which has relied heavily on imports of manufacturing equipment and consumer goods, had begun.

“Due to sanctions, Russian consumers and manufacturers are losing access to markets for the import and export of finished products and components,” she said.

“Problems may arise even when production has a high degree of localization when there is a sufficiently high degree of import substitution,” she said.

In the latest survey taken by the Bank of Russia on April 13-19, economists forecast an economic contraction of 9.2 percent this year while inflation is now expected to accelerate to 22 percent.

In a previous poll in March, economists had expected the gross domestic product to fall by eight percent this year and for the annual inflation rate to reach 20 percent.

In their latest assessment, the economists also trimmed their growth outlook for next year to zero from one percent previously.

According to the survey, unemployment will grow to 6.9 percent at the end of the year from 4.3 percent in late 2021.

The ruble, which has recovered after plunging to an unprecedented level of one hundred fifty to the greenback following the sanctions, is anticipated to trade at 85 rubles this 12 months, ninety rubles in 2023, and 96 rubles in 2024.

It changed into trading across the 80 to the greenback mark on Thursday.