The Kashmir Institute of International Relations (KIIR) has released a report documenting human rights violations in Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir between September and December 2025.
The report details incidents including civilian killings, arbitrary detentions, cordon-and-search operations, restrictions on journalism, property confiscations, and socio-economic impacts across the region.
KIIR said the period under review followed major security incidents in 2025, including an April attack in Pahalgam and a November blast near Delhi’s Red Fort. The report states these events were followed by intensified security operations, including raids, arrests, and surveillance measures.
It records extrajudicial and custodial killings, including cases where civilians died after being taken into custody. In some instances, bodies were recovered days later, with families seeking investigations into the circumstances of death.
The report documents a rise in arbitrary detentions under preventive laws such as the Public Safety Act (PSA) and the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA). It notes that courts quashed several detention orders during this period due to procedural flaws, though some detainees remained in custody despite court rulings.
KIIR recorded at least 41 cordon-and-search operations between September and November 2025 across multiple districts, including Kathua, Anantnag, Srinagar, Kupwara, and Jammu. Operations involved house searches, temporary lockdowns, and detentions.
The report also highlights restrictions on media activity, including arrests, questioning, travel limits, office raids, and the withdrawal of government advertising. It notes that several local newspapers had reduced circulation or ceased publication following 2019, with pressure continuing in 2025.
In Ladakh, the report documents protests in September 2025 over political representation and constitutional status. It records the killing of protesters in Leh during clashes with security forces, followed by curfews and communication shutdowns.
KIIR said its findings are based on cross-verified media reports, official records, and publicly available data. The organization added that only incidents with verifiable documentation were included, and the actual scale of violations may be higher.
The report aims to provide a documented overview of developments in the region during the specified period, focusing on recorded events and observable trends without policy recommendations.
